TILE ABRASION TESTING MACHINE
CONTENTS: -
EQUIPMENT: -
INTRODUCTION: -
DESCRIPTION: -
SPECIMEN PREPARATION: -
TEST PROCEDURE: -
RESUSTS: -
CONTENTS: -
1.
THE EQUIPMENT
2.
INTRODUCTION
3.
DESCRIPTION
4.
SPECIMEN
PREPARATION
5.
TEST
PROCEDURE
6.
RESULTS
EQUIPMENT: -
Tile Abrasion
Machine wired for 230 V Show 50Hz complete with automatic revolution counter.
7.5 kg weight to impose a weight of 30 kg on the specimen.
INTRODUCTION: -
Natural building
stones used in steps, floorings, pavements etc are subject to heavy wear and
tear as well as friction. Their durability under such circumstances can duly be
ensured only by stones which have the necessary hardness and resistance to
abrasion.
Similarly flooring tiles are chosen for their elegant appearance and
also the ease with which they can be laid. A tiled floor apart from looking
pleasant, easily adapts itself to slight settlement of the foundation and
backfill. If at all there is a crack due to this it will be imperceptible and
localized in joints only. Added to this
they have good strength, durability, resistance to wear and can easily be replaced.
The Tile Abrasion Testing Machine is for testing the resistance to wear
and abrasion of natural building stones, and cement concrete flooring tiles.
The instrument is as per IS: 1706 and IS:- 1237.
DESCRIPTION: -
The equipment consists of a cast iron grinding path whose sceleroscope hardness
is between 30 & 50. The grinding path is 200 mm wide annular space on the
grinding disc between distances 120 & 320 mm from the center. The disc
rotates on a vertical axis and is enclosed in a circular tray. The disc is
driven by a motor through reduction gears at 30 + 1 RPM. There is an
automatic counter mechanism which stops the disc after every 22 revolutions.
The holding device is a square cast iron frame, 40 mm high with its
lower edge about 5 mm above the surface of the grinding disc. It is so
positioned that its center is at 220 mm from the center of disc. It is a
holding device, necessarily but holds the specimen loosely.
There is a loading device, which consists of a steel lever with a short
and long arm and a friction free fulcrum. The short arm has a circular counter
weight, to balance the weight of the long arm and the weighing disc, so that
the pressure stamp just touches the specimen prior to loading.
The connection of the pressure stamp to the lever is through a
self-aligning joint ensuring control and true transfer of load. A loading
weight of 7.5 kg weight is supplied which will supply a net load of 30 kg on
the specimen through lever.
SPECIMEN PREPARATION: -
In the case natural stones, some cutting and finishing with grinding
wheel shall obtain test specimens. The use of Chisel and hammer has to be
avoided. In the case of concrete flooring tiles it shall preferably be cut from
the central part of a tile. In both the case they shall have a test surface of
7.06 x 7.06 (50 cm2 face) and the deviation in dimension shall be
within + 2%. At least six specimens shall be used for a test.
TEST PROCEDURE: -
A suitable instrument capable of measuring to an accuracy of 0.01 mm
shall be used to find out the change in thickness of the specimen after
abrasion. The specimens shall be dried in an oven maintained at 105 to 1100C
for 24 hours and then weighed to the nearest 0.1 gm. The specimen after initial
drying and weighing shall be kept in the thickness-measuring gadget, with its
wearing surface facing up.
The grinding path of the disc of the abrasion test machine shall be
evenly strewn with 20 gms of the specified abrasive powder. The specimen shall
then be fitted in the holding device with its surface to be ground facing the
disc. The lever arm shall be balanced initially so that the stamp pad just
touches the specimen top surface the 7.5 kg weight shall be added to the longer
on the lever arm. The grinding disc shall be put in motion. After every 22
revolutions the disc will automatically stop. After the first 22 revolutions,
the abraded tile powder and the remainder of the abrasive powder shall be
removed and a fresh charge of abrasive powder in quantities of 20 Gms shall be
applied on the disc. The process is repeated until 110 revolutions are
completed. The specimen shall then be rotated about its vertical axis by 900
and the test continued for another 110 revolutions so that the total
revolutions completed shall be 220.
The disc the abrasive powder and the specimen shall be kept dry through
and the test. The specimen shall then be taken out, wiped for fine dust and
then weighed to the nearest 0.1 gm. It shall then be measured for its thickness
as before with the thickness-measuring gadget.
RESUSTS: -
The wear shall be
obtained as the difference in readings obtained before and after abrasion of
specimen. The value shall be checked up with the average lose in thickness of
the specimen obtained by the following formulas,
A = 10 (W1 – W2) V1
 |
W x A
Where,
A = Average
loss in thickness in mm.
W1 = Initial
weight, in g of the specimen.
W2 = Final
weight in gms of the abraded specimen.
V1 = Initial
volume in cc of the specimen.
A = Surface
area, sq. cm of the specimen.
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